Travel World

Things to Do in Australia - Western Australia

2008-10-08T19:25:00.000-07:00

Western Australia is Australia’s largest state, covering approximately 1/3 of the country, but only about 10% of the population lives here. This is a great destination for anyone seeking isolated and diverse wilderness.

Perth, the fourth largest city in Australia, is the capitol. This beautiful cosmopolitan city is perhaps the most isolated city in the world. Located on the Swan River, it has a similar climate to San Diego and is best known for its outdoor life, offering nineteen beaches, several inner city parks, the river and a warm climate. Perth also has a very vibrant art scene and nightlife satisfying all your travel needs!

Here are some of the most popular attractions in Perth:

• Western Australia Museum is located in a series of heritage listed buildings. It’s collection of specimens and artifacts showcase the social and natural history of W.A. Open 7 days a week, year round, except for national holidays.

• Kings Park and Botanic Gardens is the most popular tourist destination in Western Australia. This large, lush park contains over 300 species of plants, more than 80 species of birds and has unbeatable waterfront and city views. There are outdoor concerts, plays and movies showing year round! This is a great place to spend a whole day relaxing and taking in the scenery.

• Art Gallery of Western Australia is part of the Perth Cultural Centre. This gallery has one of the best Aboriginal art exhibits in Australia featuring rotating exhibits of past and present art.

• Aquarium of Western Australia is Australia’s largest aquarium. Here one can observe sea life that is unique to W.A., such as sting rays, giant sharks, sea turtles, the leafy sea dragon and living coral reefs.

• Beaches! There are nineteen beaches within minutes of Perth’s city center. While some are great for families and snorkeling, others are perfect for surfing. Perth’s most famous beaches are Cottesloe and Scarborough.

o Cottesloe is the city’s most popular place for swimming, snorkeling and just relaxing in the sun and a great beach for families. Scarborough is a favorite for surfers and body boarders and well-known for its nightlife.

Fremantle is a vibrant, historic port city just 20 minutes south of Perth making it a great destination for a 1 or 2 day side trip. This energetic city offers an abundance of outdoor dining, shopping, bars, night clubs and beaches. Also in Fremantle is:

• The Western Australia Maritime Museum, which has six separate galleries, each one focuses on a different aspect of Western Australia’s relationship with the sea. It is open all year, except for Christmas and Good Friday.

Up in Western Australia’s far north is the scenic, laid back coastal town of Broome. Perhaps most famous for producing pearls, it is also home to some incredibly gorgeous beaches and scenic coastline.

Here are some of the most popular attractions in Broome:

• Cable Beach is easily one of Australia’s most popular destinations. It offers miles of palm tree dotted white sand beaches, and clear blue waters. There are even camel rides offered along the beach!

• Broome Crocodile Park was established as a research center for crocodiles. It not only features freshwater and saltwater crocodiles, but also hatchlings and alligators.

• Gantheaume Point is the site of the 130 million year old dinosaur foot prints; truly an amazing adventure for everyone.

Covering about half of Western Australia is the Golden Outback. This is a great place to visit for a true outback adventure. Some of the highlights of this area include Wave Rock, Eucalyptus Forests, National Parks, Farm Stays, the stunning South Coast and mining towns like Kalgoorlie.

The Coral Coast offers opportunities for amazing experiences and interactions with Australia’s marine life. Here you can swim with whale sharks, watch manta rays swim by or meet the dolphins at Monkey Mia.

Look for our series of articles on the five other states of Australia including Victoria, New South Wales, Tasmania, Queensland and South Australia, and its mainland territory, Northern Territory.

Rome accommodation: how to choose

2008-10-08T19:20:00.000-07:00

Rome accommodation. Where to choose what to choose…and why.
It’s not hard at all to find accommodation in Rome. You can choose among a wide range of different options: from a charming bed & breakfast to the most luxurious 5 stars hotel. But just because of this variety of solutions, the hard thing become picking up the right one, the one that best fit your needs.

Your budget of course will make a first selection and even if you don’t have budget limits, it will be your idea of comfort that will reduce your options into a smaller number, more easy to choose into. But it’s here, in the apparently indifference between the options that you’re going to need some help to make your decision, hopefully from people that really know the city, even better if they actually live there. And here we are.

Just as many other big cities around the world, Rome has got a lot of different souls, each one of them with its own moods and feelings, so that having your hotel in one area or the other will probably change your perception of the whole period you will spend here.
Trastevere is nothing like Piazza di Spagna, for example, and Campo de’ Fiori is at 10 minutes walking from the Vatican, but at 10 light-years in lifestyle.

Not only the area in which you chose your accommodation will affect your way of experiencing the city, but also the kind of it. Renting an apartment in Rome with a kitchen in it, for example, will make you come in touch with the local grocery store, discover the habits of Italians while shopping in one of the very picturesque outdoor food market and eventually it will make you save some money on your meals. If you choose to stay in a bed & breakfast on in a 2 or 3 stars hotel instead, you will have the chance to try some typical Italian cooking having your lunches and dinners out in a different restaurant almost everyday. An high level hotel it will probably give you a taste of Italian sense of elegance and charming hospitality and it will put you in the middle of fashion boutiques and v.i.p. locations.

Obviously these are only a few examples of the differences between the apparently indifferent options of accommodation in Rome. In this section we will give you advices and tips, we will explain what you will actually find in each kind of room of every rating and in every area, to free your mind from wrong expectations and to build new and hopefully better ones.

Travel Joke : Airline Anecdotes

2008-09-29T20:39:00.000-07:00

Occasionally, airline flight attendants make an effort to make the "in-flight safety lecture" a bit more entertaining. Here are some real examples that have been heard or reported:

"As we prepare for takeoff, please make sure your tray tables and seat backs are fully upright in their most uncomfortable position."

"There may be 50 ways to leave your lover, but there are only 6 ways out of this airplane..."

"Your seat cushions can be used for floatation, and in the event of an emergency water landing, please take them with our compliments."

"We do feature a smoking section on this flight; if you must smoke, contact a member of the flight crew and we will escort you to the wing of the airplane."

"Smoking in the lavatories is prohibited. Any person caught smoking in the lavatories will be asked to leave the plane immediately."

Pilot - "Folks, we have reached our cruising altitude now, so I am going to switch the seat belt sign off. Feel free to move about as you wish, but please stay inside the plane till we land... it's a bit cold outside, and if you walk on the wings it affects the flight pattern."

And, after landing: "Thank you for flying Delta Business Express. We hope you enjoyed giving us the business as much as we enjoyed taking you for a ride."

As we waited just off the runway for another airliner to cross in front of us, some of the passengers were beginning to retrieve luggage from the overhead bins. The head attendant announced on the intercom, "This aircraft is equipped with a video surveillance system that monitors the cabin during taxiing. Any passengers not remaining in their seats until the aircraft comes to a full and complete stop at the gate will be strip-searched as they leave the aircraft."

Once on a Southwest flight, the pilot said, "We've reached our cruising altitude now, and I'm turning off the seat belt sign. I'm switching to autopilot, too, so I can come back there and visit with all of you for the rest of the flight."

As the plane landed and was coming to a stop at Washington National, a lone voice comes over the loudspeaker: "Whoa, big fella...WHOA..!"

"Should the cabin lose pressure, oxygen masks will drop from the overhead area. Please place the bag over your own mouth and nose before assisting children or adults acting like children."

"As you exit the plane, please make sure to gather all of your belongings. Anything left behind will be distributed evenly among the flight attendants. Please do not leave children or spouses."

"Last one off the plane must clean it."

And from the pilot during his welcome message: "We are pleased to have some of the best flight attendants in the industry...Unfortunately none of them are on this flight...!"

Heard on Southwest Airlines just after a very hard landing in Salt Lake City: The flight attendant came on the intercom and said, "That was quite a bump and I know what ya'll are thinking. I'm here to tell you it wasn't the airline's fault, it wasn't the pilot's fault, it wasn't the flight attendant's fault.....it was the asphalt!"

An airline pilot wrote that on this particular flight he had hammered his ship into the runway really hard. The airline had a policy which required the first officer to stand at the door while the passengers exited, give a smile, and a "Thanks for flying XYZ airline." He said that in light of his bad landing, he had a hard time looking the passengers in the eye, thinking that someone would have a smart comment. Finally everyone had gotten off except for this little old lady walking with a cane. She said, "Sonny, mind if I ask you a question?" "Why no Ma'am," said the pilot, "What is it?" The little old lady said, "Did we land or were we shot down?"

Overheard on an American Airlines flight into Amarillo, Texas, on a particularly windy and bumpy day. During the final approach the Captain was really having to fight it. After an extremely hard landing, the Flight Attendant came on the PA and announced, "Ladies and Gentlemen, welcome to Amarillo. Please remain in your seats with your seatbelts fastened while the Captain taxis what's left of our airplane to the gate!"

Another flight Attendant's comment on a less than perfect landing: "We ask you to please remain seated as Captain Kangaroo bounces us to the terminal."

After a particularly rough landing during thunderstorms in Memphis, a flight attendant on a Northwest flight announced: "Please take care when opening the overhead compartments because, after a landing like that, sure as hell everything has shifted."

From a Southwest Airlines employee.... "Welcome aboard Southwest Flight XXX, to YYY. To operate your seatbelt, insert the metal tab into the buckle, and pull tight. It works just like every other seatbelt, and if you don't know how to operate one, you probably shouldn't be out in public unsupervised. In the event of a sudden loss of cabin pressure, oxygen masks will descend from the ceiling. Stop screaming, grab the mask, and pull it over your face. If you have a small child traveling with you, secure your mask before assisting with theirs. If you are traveling with two small children, decide now which one you love more."

Weather at our destination is 50 degrees with some broken clouds, but they'll try to have them fixed before we arrive. Thank you, and remember, nobody loves you, or your money, more than Southwest Airlines."

Travel Joke : Bum in need of food

2008-09-29T20:35:00.000-07:00

One afternoon, a man was riding in the back of his limousine when he saw two men eating grass by the road side. He ordered his driver to stop and he got out to investigate. "Why are you eating grass?", he asked one man.

"We don't have any money for food.", The poor man replied.

"Oh, come along with me then."

"But sir, I have a wife with two children!"

"Bring them along! And you, come with me too!", he said to the other man.

"But sir, I have a wife with six children!" The second man answered.

"Bring them as well!"

They all climbed into the car, which was no easy task, even for a car as large as the limo. Once underway, one of the poor fellows says "sir, you are too kind. Thank you for taking all of us with you."

The rich man replied "No, you don't understand, the grass at my home is about three feet tall!"Tra

Finding a Great hotel in Barcelona

2008-09-27T09:34:00.000-07:00

Barcelona is known for its great nightlife and it offers some other great attractions. No matter what the reason for your visit to Barcelona, you need a good hotel in Barcelona. The following information on these top Barcelona hotels come from reviews by former guests who have stayed at a hotel in Barcelona. You will find that every hotel in Barcelona offers great hotel stays in addition to its other attractions. The hotels reviewed are Casa Camper Hotel, The Hotel Arts, Neri Hotel, and Hesperia Sarria.

Casa Camper Hotel received some nice comments from guests. It has 25 rooms that are decorated in creative fashions that match the amazing dÃƒÂ©cor of the entire hotel. Extras, like minibar and room service, are included in the base cost so you do not end up with a huge bill at check out. It is a short walk to P. Catalvyna and close to the city. For those that like quiet nights , the Casa Camper Hotel is removed enough from the nightlife so it provides a quite sleeping environment. The Casa Camper hotel in Barcelona received great reviews and was listed as well worth checking out.

The Hotel Arts hotel in Barcelona has 402 rooms and is located on the beach. While not every hotel in Barcelona is not usually known for its beaches, the location does provide beautiful views. It is not quite near the city, so you must travel to get to attractions. The nearby restaurants provide wonderful cuisine that makes the location desirable. They are said to have some of the best beds a hotel in Barcelona can offer. The cost of The Hotel Arts does discourage some guests and extras are not included in this base price. Overall, it was reviewed as a great hotel, but not really worth the price.

The Neri Hotel in Barcelonahas artistic dÃƒÂ©cor that draws you into their 22 room establishment. With the use of stone and wood, the dÃƒÂ©cor is beautiful. The rooms are cozy and they offer you the choice of five different sheet types. It is advised that you get good directions to the hotel because it is hard to find. There are no scenic views, but the attention to detail in all the aspects of this hotel makes up for that. Overall, this hotel was said to have exceptional service and created an amazing experience for visitors, making it a must.

The Hesperia Sarria has 134 rooms and is located in a quiet area of Barcelona. It is within walking distance to the train station (Les Tres Torres) and many other attractions. There are locked minibars and safes provided in the modern and clean rooms. There is a restaurant on site, although guests say you may never try it because of the closeness of so many other great bars and restaurants. This was noted by gests to be a great buy.

These four hotels all received good and bad reviews. The descriptions above were taken from majority opinions. While all provided nice stays, some stuck out in the crowd. There are many, many alterntives for a hotel in Barcelona and these are only just a small sample of the great service you can receive.

Profiles of Hotels in Madrid

2008-09-27T09:31:00.000-07:00

Madrid is one of the hot spots in Spain. Amongst the nightlife and attractions lie some of Madrid's top hotels. If you are traveling and looking for a hotel in Madrid check out the three hotels profiled below to see if one meets your needs. These hotels offer a wide range of features, they are: Hotel Santa Domingo, Hotel AC Santo Mavro, and Hotel Cuzco.

The Hotel Santa Domingo hotel in Madrid offers its guests comfort. It is located in de Santo Domingo with 120 rooms, each of which is uniquely decorated so no two are alike. Each room has thermostats and bathroom water temperature controls. A choice of background music is also offered in each room of this hotel in Madrid. The television offers six international channels and three pay view channels. Other perks of these comfort driven rooms are adjustable lighting, telephones in the bedroom and bathroom, electronic locks and safety deposit. In the Superior Double hotel in Madrid rooms there is a hydro-massage bathtub. The Hotel Santa Domingo hotel in Madrid also caters to its business clientele with fax machines, copiers, messenger and secretary services, interpreters, computers, sound equipment, slide and overhead projectors with screen, and video equipment. Other extra services offered are babysitting, medical assistance, laundry services, and money exchange. For those traveling with a small pet, th

e Hotel Santa Domingo hotel in Madrid welcomes you. Enjoy comfort in a setting designed for business at the Hotel Santa Domingo.

The Hotel AC Santo Mavro is located in Chamberi close to Paseode la Castellana. It is a 100 year old French Palace hotel in Madrid that has been reconstructed in a combination of classic and avant-garde architecture. The original library and dancing hall have been preserved in their original state, but are now used as a dining room and conference room, respectively. This hotel in Madrid has a garden which provides some rooms with a beautiful, blooming view. The Hotel AC Santo Mavro has 37 rooms which offer 24 hour room service, a free minibar, web TV, cable TV, free coffee shop, and 24 hour laundry service. For a touch of history with all the modern conveniences try the Hotel AC Santo Mavro.

The Hotel Cuzco is located in the financial district, within walking distance to Congress Hall, local shopping centers and entertainment. It has 330 rooms and 8 suites that boost top notch amenities. You will find marble bathrooms, air conditioning, free private safe, electronic minibar, interactive TV, am fm radio and a direct telephone line. The Hotel Cuzco also provides an electronic wakeup system, coffee shop, restaurant, cocktail bar, parking garage, gymnasium and sauna. The Hotel Cuzco hotel in Madrid is in the heart of Madrid's action. This is a fine hotel in Madrid

These three hotels give a glimpse into the fine accommodations available in Madrid. There are hotels for every price range and to fit every need. You are sure to find a great hotel in Madrid that meets all your needs.

Planning a Road Trip? You'll Need Great Driving Maps

2008-09-27T09:29:00.000-07:00

Before you take to the highways for your next vacation or business trip, look for a good map or two to take along. Although you may know the way there quite well, an up-to-date map may be able to show you shortcuts or help you avoid road construction and other delays. Don't take chances on a stressed-out memory or a change of location for a business or address that you haven't visited in some time. And you certainly don't want to end up in a strange city without a hint of where to stay or what to do while you're there. Take advantage of some of these low-cost maps and services.

The easiest and fastest type of road map most people can get is over the Internet by visiting one of the popular map sites for road trips. In a matter of seconds, you can type in your starting address as well as your intended destination, and receive a downloadable map charting your course as well as a list of driving instructions. Just print and go! You might want to visit a couple of these sites and compare them for the simplest or fastest way to get where you want to go, although chances are that both routes will be similar. The more you do this, the better feel you will get for which site has the best updates on construction areas and highway modifications.

Another way to get a useful map is to pick up one up a convenience store, department store, or gas station. Check for brand names of map suppliers, keeping in mind the higher quality sources like Rand McNally, etc. Also look for more recent maps, preferably for the current year, although some stores may not stock the latest edition. Then try to get map coverage for the most specific part of your trip rather than for a three-state area that will just make your travel route harder to find. Use a highlighter or marker to trace your route, taking care not to obliterate the exits or town names you need to look for when driving.

One of the best ways to get a quality roadmap is by joining your local automobile association. In addition to providing free maps that plot your trip from one location to another, the staff will highlight the driving areas for you so that you just pick up the maps and you're ready to go. The association typically offers lodging and attraction guides for major cities, rating hotels and motels with a five-star system and detailed information on which accommodations are available through various lodging chains. You can find out where to get Internet service, a swimming pool, and other amenities, including parking options, with these helpful guides.

Don't start your trip empty-handed. Fill up with the latest travel information that will make your journey more pleasant and productive and get you where you want to go with the greatest possible ease.

Car Rental in Spain is Mainly Not the Same | Travel

2008-09-27T09:26:00.000-07:00

In a nation like the United States, where icons like McDonald's and Wal-Mart have spoiled us into thinking we can go anywhere we like and still get a quarter pounder with cheese - or find people wearing blue smocks - it can be easy to think that the world is all the same. Even the car rental game seems the same, because we can get off at any airport and choose between compact, mid-size, or full-size, and generally get what we want and expect. While we may not want to admit it, the rest of the world just does not operate according to our way of thinking.

Getting a car rental in Spain, for instance, may not be difficult, but it certainly is not the same as securing one in Cleveland. There are some subtle differences between a car rental agency in Europe and one in America. If you plan on traveling abroad, don't expect everything to be exactly the same.

So what can I expect when I want a car rental in Spain?

For one thing, don't expect a great selection of vehicles with automatic transmissions or air conditioning. A car rental place in Spain, or elsewhere in Europe, will usually have only a limited selection of vehicles with these customary American options. Plus, while a car rental place in the United States will charge you an insane fee for not filling the fuel tank before returning, this pales by comparison to what may happen in Europe. Not only will you pay a steeper price for returning to the car rental company on "E", but you will have to pay for gas by the liter - and the cost could break the bank for you.

In fact, because of the steep gasoline prices in Europe, you may want to ask the car rental agency for a diesel-powered car, as this will be easier on your budget. This may not measure up the exotic dreams you had for your time in Europe, but your wallet will thank you for making the more conservative choice at the car rental agency.

Will I have problems actually renting a car?

That depends on what you mean. Some nations require an international driving license, and the car rental agencies in these countries are required to ask this of anyone renting a car. To be on the safe side, you might want to go to a place like the American Automobile Association to avoid an embarrassing scene at the car rental place in Spain. It's up to you, of course, but "better safe than sorry" is a good way to go here.

Now, because Europe is such a popular tourist destination in the summer, you might be very disappointed when the car rental agent in Spain shakes her head and tells you that nothing is available. It is best to reserve your vehicle as far in advance as possible, especially if you hope to have any luck at the car rental places during the peak periods.

What else should I know?

While not necessary, you may want to opt for the insurance at the car rental place. The reason? Europeans are known to be more aggressive drivers than their American counterparts. This is not to say that they are worse drivers, but their aggressive maneuvers may take you off guard. And you don't want to return to the car rental agency and have them charge your insurance company for your European driving lesson, do you? I didn't think so.

So take these guidelines into account when securing a car rental in Europe, and they will provide for a much more enjoyable and hassle-free experience. And when you get there, say "Hi" to the Eiffel Tower for me.

Prepare for Overseas Travel with Quality Travel Guides

2008-09-27T09:20:00.000-07:00

The lure of different cultures and climates stimulates many millions of people to travel outside their own country each year in search of fun, frolicking and adventure. Overseas travel is exciting for most people and knowing how to make the best of your destination is critical for full holiday enjoyment, or even the efficient execution of a business trip.

Indeed, knowing which accommodation to book and which to avoid at all costs, where to savour the best meals and drinks, or even solid tips on the best time to visit popular sights is made easier by a proliferation of travel guides. For example, business travellers, unless they are extremely lucky, seldom have time for sight-seeing or finding their own way around a city or destination meaning that they especially need to be fully clued up before they arrive. Travel guides can help make getting from A to B so much easier, as well as highlighting great places to stay and where to eat and drink; so taking much of the guess work out of avoiding poor choices, for leisure travellers too!

Although traditionally printed in book form, many travel guides are now available on the internet and alternatives are also available in other formats such as i-pod downloads. It is important to understand that unless hosted by a trusted publication then beware of such internet guides. Many rogue sites are set up merely to attract customers to particular establishments and attractions or even just to generate links to and from other sites, which therefore may not be totally unbiased or even written by independent travellers. Other websites may purport to give genuine travellers' reviews, but again may not be wholly independent as individuals from commercial organisations can also pretend to be unbiased reviewers.

For the best travel guides many travellers choose to stick with printed material. Books are easily portable and can be read anywhere, especially on the plane, boat or train on the way to your destination. They tend to have been thoroughly researched, well written and independent of commercial influences. Because they are published by mainstream publishers they can also be trusted and there is recourse for the buyer if the guide is woefully inaccurate. Of course, given the lead times to get things in print and depending how long after it went to print, that when it is purchased things may be out of date; but this a lag time that is likely to occur with any medium.

But, here's a thought. If printed travel guides didn't do the job, would so many be on sale at so many newsagents in most of the world's airport departure lounges?

Travel to Egypt

2008-09-22T20:50:00.000-07:00

At Saqqara's southern portion, there is a smaller field of pyramids that are generally in a poor preservation state. This would include:

1. Isesi
2. Pepi I
3. Pepi II
4. Ibi
5. Shepseskaf

• Dahshur

This site is considered as the most significant field of pyramids in Egypt, which is situated outside of Saqqara and Giza. Since its location is along a base of the military, this site was inaccessible until the year 1996. Even so, this site remained unknown to those outside regarded archaeological circles.

Its southern most Sneferu pyramid is also recognized as the Pyramid of Bent, which is believed to be either the first or the second pyramid designed and attempted to be built with very smooth sides. With this pyramid, this attempt was somewhat partial but nonetheless successful. In fact, it remains as the only pyramid in Egypt that has retained a vital proportion out of its initial limestone casing. It even serves as the perfect example for the common luminous feature of every pyramid in their initial or original state.

Subsequent to this, the northern pyramid called the Red Pyramid, which is situated near the Sneferu Pyramid, became the first successful smooth-sided pyramid in the world. Amidst it so-called "relative obscurity", it remains as Egypt's 3rd largest pyramid. It follows the Khafre and Khufu Pyramids of Giza. Lastly, another recognized pyramid found in Dahshur is Amenemhet III's Black Pyramid.

• Mazghuna

This site is situated along the southern portion of Dahshur. This part of Egypt was utilized by many kings during the First Intermediate Period. These kings made use of mudbrick in order to have their pyramids constructed. At current, these structures seem unimpressive and obscure.

• Lisht

In this site, 2 major pyramids are situated. This would be the Amenemhat I Pyramid and Senusret I pyramid. Senusret is actually the son of Amenemhat I. Thus, these two large pyramids are surrounded by mere ruins of about 10 smaller subordinate pyramids. One amongst these smaller subsidiary's is the Pyramid of Khaba II, the cousin if Amenemhat.

This site also lies along the vicinity of the Fayyum oasis, which is also midway in between Meidum and Dahshur. Cairo would be approximately 100 klilometers on its southern section. Lastly, the site is believed to have held the Itjtawy City. It is an ancient city that served as Egypt's capital during the Twelfth Dynasty. Up to now, its exact location is unknown.

• Meidum

In this site, you will also find the Pyramid of Sneferu, where in, its core structure still remains. This is even though rubbles from its outer casing that collapsed lie beside it. Thus, the pyramids in this site were constructed during the time of Sneferu. It is also believed that this even started before him, during the reign of his father and Huni, his predecessor. Amidst these speculations, it is not yet proven because his name is not apparent on this actual site. Other archaeologists have also noted that the pyramids in this site may be the initial unsuccessful attempts for creating pyramids that are smooth sided.

Due to antiquity, the pyramids suffered a major collapse. At current, only its inner core remains standing. This is the reason why this pyramid features a tower-like structure that seems a bit odd and unique as compared to other pyramids in Egypt.

• Hawara

This site holds the pyramids that Amenemhet III built during his reign in Egypt's 12th Dynasty. This site is very near Fayyum. It is also noted as a pyramid built in order to actually post-date the "Black Pyramid" he had constructed at Dahshur. This, this pyramid in Hawarra is noted to be the final resting abode of Amenemhet.

• El-Lahun

In this site, you will find Senusret II's pyramid. It is a royal-tomb pyramid situated along the southernmost part of El-Lahun. The ones who built this pyramid reduced the work needed to have this constructed by using a natural 12-meter-high limestone hill as its core and foundation.

The Exciting Pyramids of Egypt : Part-1

2008-09-22T20:41:00.000-07:00

The amazing pyramids in Egypt are considered as the largest and most fascinating structures ever constructed. Most of these pyramids were actually built in the Middle and Old periods of Kingdoms in Egypt.

The amazing pyramids in Egypt are considered as the largest and most fascinating structures ever constructed. They constitute one amongst the most enduring and potent symbols of the ancient civilization of Egypt. Most of these pyramids were actually built in the Middle and Old periods of Kingdoms in Egypt.

Hence, in the year 1842, a certain Karl Richard Lepsius counted and noted down these pyramids. Although he was able to count about 67 pyramids, this list was only limited to the ones discovered and identified before and during his time. More pyramids have been discovered ever since. This is due the fact that during Karl Lepsius' time, there were many small pyramids that were either in a poor preservation state or they would appear like mounds of mere rubble. It is only now that these pyramids were given the time by archaeologists to be studied and identified.

Furthermore, most of these pyramids were grouped in several pyramid fields. This is a list of geographically listed significant sites of pyramids found in the northern portion of Egypt going south:

• Abu Rawash

Abu Rawash is actually the site of the most northerly positioned pyramids in Egypt. This is besides the Lepsius pyramid ruins, which is called the Djedefre Pyramid, found in the northern portion as well. Dejedefre was the successor and son of the renowned Khufu.

Originally, there were reports that this actual pyramid was never completed. It was only through the current research of archaeologists that shed light to this notion. Aside from being completed, this was also similar to the Menkaure Pyramid's size, listing it amongst more than half dozen largest-regarded pyramids found only in Egypt.

Since its location is just facing major crossroads, stone has become an effortless source. With quarrying, which actually began during the Roman times, only small amounts of stone were left on the hillocks forming portions of the core of the pyramids. A small satellite pyramid situated in front was actually in a better preservation state.

• Giza

Giza is the site of the Khufu Pyramid, which is also recognized as Egypt's "Pyramid of Cheops" and "Great Pyramid". Other famous pyramids and satellite edifices in this site are:

1. Pyramid of Kephren or Khafre
2. Pyramid of Mykerinus or Menkaure
3. Great Sphinx
4. Queen's pyramids

Among these, merely the Pyramid of Khafre has retained portions of its initial polished casing of limestone, beside its apex. Since it is in a more elevated location, it actually appears larger as compared to the Pyramid of Khufu, which is adjacent to it. Another reason for this would be the inclination of a steeper angle made with its construction. In truth, the Pyramid of Khafre is smaller in volume and height.

The one that is popular with the tourists would be the so-called Giza Necropolis. This pyramid gained its popularity during the Hellenistic times, particularly when "Antipater of Sidon" listed the renowned Great Pyramid as one amongst the regarded Seven Wonders of the World. At current it is the only one amongst the other wonders that still exists.

• Zawyet el-Aryan

This site is actually halfway in between Abu Sir and Giza. You will find 2 unfinished pyramids of the old Kingdom in this site. The northern one is believed to belong to the renowned Pharaoh Nebka. The southern one is believed to be attributed to the regarded Pharaoh Khaba of the 3rd dynasty. The latter pharaoh is also known as "Hudjefa", which is the successor of "Sekhemkhet". Since Khaba only had a 4-year tenure being a pharaoh, it has resulted to his pyramid's premature truncation. At current, it is around 20 meters for its height. If it was completed, it should have reached more than 40 meters.

• Abu Sir

In this site, there are approximately 7 pyramids. In fact, these pyramids served, within the 5th dynasty, as a so-called "main royal necropolis". Thus, the construction quality of this Abu Sir pyramid is believed to be inferior as compared to the ones built and designed during the 4th dynasty. These are noted to be due to either a decrease in Egypt's vibrant economy or a decrease in the "royal power" at that time. They appear smaller as compared to their predecessors. Aside from this, only local low-quality limestones were used.

The 3 major pyramids in this site are:

1. Niuserre (regarded as the "most intact")
2. Sahure
3. Neferirkare Kakai

Moreover, you will also find in this site, the Neferefre Pyramid, which is still incomplete. Amongst all the chief pyramids only the ones in Abu Sir were built and designed as "Step Pyramids". Thus, the largest, which is the Neferirkare Kakai Pyramid, was believed to have been initially built as an above mentioned Step Pyramid but was subsequently transformed to becoming a real pyramid. This was achieved when they placed loose masonry on its steps. Thus, the pyramid has a height of approximately 70 meters.

• Saqqara

In this site, you will find Djozer's Step Pyramid. It is also recognized as the substantial oldest monumental structure of the world that was built out "finished" stone. Other pyramids in this site are as follows:

1. Merykare Pyramid
2. Userkaf Pyramid
3. Teti Pyramid
4. Unas Pyramid (maintains a so-called "pyramid causeway", one amongst Egypt's best preserved structures)

Moreover, the Unas Pyramid was also a good subject as one amongst the earliest recognized restoration attempts. In fact, this was conducted by one of Ramesses II's sons. Furthermore, Saqqara is the location of the Djozer's uncompleted step pyramid's successor, Sekhemkhet, which is also recognized as the "Buried Pyramid". Most archaeologists believe that if this pyramid was completed, it would be larger than the Pyramid of Djozer.

Spain is Scotland's Top Holiday Destination

2008-09-21T10:33:00.000-07:00

The holidays and flights business has been hit hard by the recent economic downturn. Many hotels, resorts and airlines are cutting costs in an effort to keep their businesses running even when the guests aren't coming in the numbers they used to.

In at least one place, though, the tourists are still faithfully keeping their vacation plans. Spain's tourism industry continues to thrive despite the euro's strength against other world currencies.

Scottish tourists in particular have always been fond of Spain and the Spanish island such as Tenerife and Lanzarote. More commercial flights arrive in Spain from Scotland than most other countries. Every year, Scots flock to Spain for its gorgeous beaches, its lively culture and its relatively cheap prices.

Despite the euro gaining strength on the British pound, Spain is less expensive for Scottish tourists to visit than many other countries in the European Union. Since the Spanish economy thrives on tourism, prices have remained affordable for holidaymakers.

But Spain's attraction isn't about tourist traps or cheap thrills. The country's long and fascinating history is what draws some visitors. Others come for the robust nightlife in Spain's cities. Many tourists come to Spain to revel in some of the world's most treasured art and architecture. From the Prado in Madrid to the Guggenheim Museum in Bilbao, Spain is a dream come true for anyone who enjoys admiring the works of masters.

Winter holidays in the warmth of Lanzarote are popular too, with many Scots opting to have holidays in Lanzarote while their own winter is on.

Recently, tourist destinations outside of the European Union have become very popular for British tourists. Egypt and South America have been named as among some of the most affordable destinations for British visitors.

However, many prefer to remain closer to home. Spain is only a short journey away, meaning that Scottish holidaymakers can save money on airfares. Even if the local currency in Spain means that they will pay more once they arrive, the Scots don't seem to mind. To them, the pleasure of being in Spain is worth paying just a little more due to the currency conversion.

Some Scots, however, are choosing to stay at home rather than travel abroad, and they're not alone. Tourists come from all over the world to see the natural and historical richness of Scotland.

Among the most popular Scottish tourist destinations are Edinburgh and the Scottish Highlands. Edinburgh, the capital of Scotland, has a rich history dating back many centuries. Today it is one of the rare cities that manage to seamlessly blend the ancient and the modern.

Edinburgh features some of Europe's most beloved music and arts festivals. Local history and culture permeate the modern atmosphere to create a wholly unique experience. In Edinburgh, you can visit the ancient Edinburgh Castle, admire the art in the National Gallery of Scotland and dance to modern music in a club all in the same day. And August sees the Edinburgh Festival in full swing.

The Scottish Highlands have been immortalized in many books and films, but nothing can prepare you for the real thing. As one of the most diverse wildlife habitats in Britain, the Highlands contain a fascinating array of birds, seals, dolphins and many more animals. The rough terrain and famously fickle weather make every outing an adventure, but one that is very much worth embarking on.

Spain clearly remains Scotland's favourite tourist destination and will do so far into the future. But Scots continue to holiday inside Scotland as well, enjoying the beauty that their homeland has to offer - Scotland must have a lot going for it as most of the British Royal Family spend their summer at Balmoral!

Amsterdam The City Of Wondrous Canals

2008-09-21T10:31:00.001-07:00

There are many cities that have been built around canals. These cities have risen and fallen over the ages to make way for newer cities. Amsterdam has remained and is today one of the most popular tourist destinations on the planet, attracting people from all walks of life and people looking for an array of different things.

Within these 160 canals lives a population of almost 800,000 people. In the peak season, this number seems to swell like the banks of the canals in the rainy season with the influx of tourists. Amsterdam is also a city of great hospitality and therefore the accommodation on offer is world class. There are many different accommodation options from which to choose. This all depends on what you are looking for. If you are looking for a budget holiday with your college friends then Amsterdam is renowned for its friendly (and sometimes too friendly!) backpacker lodges. If you are a businessman who is travelling across the world then all the global hotel branches can also be found in Amsterdam. And of course there is place for families with a wide variety of self-catering holiday apartments.

Amsterdam is a relatively clean city. This can be attributed to over half a million bicycles on the streets. This not only gives Amsterdam's streets a quaint feeling but will also leaving you feeling that there is no other place on Earth quite like Amsterdam.

Springtime is possibly the prettiest time of year in Amsterdam. The weather is cool and the tulips are in bloom. You cannot do anything but smile when you walk out of your hotel room onto the springtime streets of Amsterdam. This is when the accommodation and travel costs are slightly down too, as this is not the peak season in Amsterdam. Do not be fooled, though. Summer temperatures in the city do not often surpass 75F and there is always a little summer drizzle at the hottest points to cool things down.

If you are planning to head somewhere new on your next holiday and you have not considered Amsterdam, then you should think long and hard about it. The city can be used as a springboard to visit other major European cities. This is due mainly to its central location. The city competes well in pricing with similar first world cities and accommodation can easily be found. The best way to find accommodation is to book online. There are many sites that specialise in Amsterdam accommodation and you will be able to view pictures of the hotel, self-catering apartment or holiday rental apartment so that you do not receive any unpleasant surprises when you arrive.

Visiting the Outskirts of Cape Town

2008-09-21T10:27:00.000-07:00

While Cape Town certainly has plenty of activities and sights to offer on its own, there are also numerous sights to see around Cape Town as well. Located just a short distance from Cape Town is the town of Greyton. A drive from Cape Town to Greyton will take you approximately ninety minutes when the weather is good and traffic is minimal.

Greyton Lodge is well known in the area for offering warm and charming accommodations. Whether you want to enjoy the in-house Jazz pianist or simply curl up by a warm fire on cool evenings, there are plenty of opportunities to relax at this lodge. Two dining rooms offer ample space for dining and complete an environment that is nothing short of homey and charming.

If you happen to time your trip so that it coincides with a weekend, you will most certainly want to make a stop by the market that takes place on the village green on Saturday mornings. Whether you just want to wander around and browse or a pick up a jar of lemon curd, this is certainly an enjoyable way to spend a morning.

There are also plenty of fine restaurants and cafes located in the local area where you can enjoy a leisurely lunch. From trendy and artsy to cozy and welcoming, there are plenty of different options here to suit your tastes.

Hermanus is another lovely town situated not far from Cape Town. On a good day's drive, Hermanus is about an hour's drive from Greyton and it is certainly a gorgeous drive.

Among the sights that you will want to enjoy once you arrive in Hermanus is the seafront. Even on days when the weather is not at its best, a walk along the seafront is well worth it. The old harbor here is quite interesting and offers views that are spectacular.

Dining in Hermanus is also superb as there are numerous restaurants which serve fine meals. If you're looking for a way to work off all of those calories, you can head over to the Hermanus Golf course for a day on the green practicing your swing.

Of course, there is no better way to top off a trip to Hermanus than by paragliding. The local area is known for its paragliding opportunities and with the spectacular views that surround this beautiful region, it is little wonder. Sir Lowry's Pass is one of the better places for paragliding, offering expansive views that look out toward Cape Town over Somerset West. If you have never gone paragliding before, rest assured that you will receive ample instruction that should help you to set aside any case of nerves you might experience. The views that offered as you sail towards the ground and then experience a soft landing are definitely worth the experience.

If you're looking for something a bit different to do than traveling the wine routes during a visit to Cape Town, a visit to Hermanus and Greyton are definitely in order.

Travelling : Popular Indoor Ski Areas

2008-09-21T10:23:00.000-07:00

Indoor ski areas have become popular for both novice and advanced skiers to be able to learn and practice on without the challenges of severe weather conditions.

Have you ever wondered what the popular indoor ski areas around the world are? These areas tend to be in countries that already have outdoor skiing facilities, and are more common in Europe that in other areas. But that isn't always the case. These can be found in Germany, Switzerland, England, Netherlands, Japan, China and Australia. In one unusual location - Ras Al-Khaimah, a part of the United Arab Emirates, construction has begun on a 2,000 meter indoor ski area.

So here are some places you might want to make part of your travel plans:

United Arab Emirates

* Dubai is truly a ski facility in the desert. It has 5 different runs that are designed for beginning to advanced skiers and snowboarders. There is a full 3000 square meters contained in this indoor snow park. All equipment needed is available on site. Numerous restaurants, gift shops and other venues provide visitors with lots to do and see.

United Kingdom

* The Snowdome in Tamworth is one of the post popular indoor ski areas. It has a 170-meter slope with year round real snow. The Snowdome provides lessons at all levels for both skiers and snowboarders. Snowmobiling and cross-country skiing is also available at the facility.

* Xscape, located in Castleford, features skiing, snowboarding as well as tobogganing and ice walls. These ice walls are built by hand to simulate conditions of rock climbing, only on ice.

Australia and New Zealand

* Mt. Thebarton in Adelaide, Australia was the first built and is still a popular indoor ski area. The facility includes skating rinks, restaraunts and bars, video arcades and other attractions.

* Snowplanet in Auckland, New Zealand offers a full compliment of snowsport activities 365 days a year. It features three lifts and a separate terrain area for snowboarders. A chalet style restaruant opens overlooking the snow park allowing a relaxing atmosphere.

Germany

* Germany feature several popular indoor ski areas. The Alpincenter, Jever Skihalle and Snowtropolis all offer great indoor skiing opportunities among other features. Apres ski activities are given special detail at these locations.

Choosing the best travel package

2008-09-21T10:18:00.000-07:00

If you intend to go on luxury travel tour and are looking for an affordable travel package, an online travel directory is the best place to find all necessary information, where online travel agents are ready to help you, by rewarding you with vacations and trips. The custom made travel packages will take care of all your needs even before you leave for the tour.

The exotic vacation may cause you disappointment if you are not able to afford for it. As luxury travel tour is usually expensive you should look for an affordable travel package. The major advantage of choosing the best travel package is that you will be treated as a VIP guest during your travel and you will not have any problem over exchange rates.

There is a great demand for vacation packages, luxury travel tour accommodations, hotel occupancy and business class air travel, among style and luxury conscious travelers. To satisfy these demanding customers and due to competition within the tourist travel industry, travel companies offer packages at competitive rates. The travel package includes various services ranging from renting luxury yachts to on-shore private visits and visit to places of tourist interest. Some packages also include rooms in top hotels, nice meals in restaurants with drinks, private guides, driver, excursion and transportation in air-conditioned luxury vehicles.

By building relationship and being loyal to the online travel agency you can get the best travel package as a reward. You can avail memberships with the travel clubs and by traveling to more places, you can win the loyalty points and get the benefit of free vacations or discounts. You have to select a perfect online travel specialist and suitable timing for finalizing the luxury travel deal. With the availability of several travel packages, you can choose a luxurious vacation and go out in style on a tight budget. By signing up online holiday deals, you can win special offers. With a good travel package, you can quickly and comfortably reach the holiday destination and also save your hard earned money. As a smart traveler, you can clinch a luxury travel tour deal waiting for you at affordable rates. Go for gold with a luxury travel tour travel package, and taste champagne on a cocktail budget.

Travel insurance: Why all Australians should take out travel insurance before going overseas

2008-01-16T05:52:00.000-08:00

For most Australians overseas travel is a wonderful experience. Unfortunately, however, every day our consular officers deal with human tragedies involving the death, injury or hospitalisation of Australians abroad. Each year we handle over 20,000 cases involving Australians in difficulty overseas. This includes over 700 hospitalisations, 600 deaths and 100 evacuations of Australians to another location for medical purposes.

In cases where victims are not covered by travel insurance, such personal tragedies are further compounded by a long-term financial burden. Hospitalisation, medical evacuations, or even the return of the deceased's remains to Australia, can be very expensive. Daily hospitalisation costs in Southeast Asia regularly exceed $800; return of remains from Europe in excess of $10,000. The cost of medical evacuations from the United States regularly range from $75,000 to $95,000 and sometimes up to $300,000. The department has handled medical evacuations from nearby Bali in which costs have exceeded $60,000.

Unfortunately, not all of these cases involved travellers covered by travel insurance. Travellers who are not covered by insurance are personally liable for covering incurred medical and associated costs. As a result, we have known instances where families have been forced to sell off assets, including their superannuation or family homes, to bring loved ones back to Australia for treatment.

Despite these stark statistics, it is not the department's intention to discourage Australians from travelling, which in almost all cases is a very positive experience. Only 0.6% of Australians travelling overseas encounter difficulty each year.

Instead, one of our key messages to Australian travellers is that there are things you can do to help reduce the likelihood of becoming one of the more unhappy consular statistics. With accidents or illness often unavoidable, proper travel insurance is very important in this context. Of course, the all-too-common occurrence of theft and loss of personal belongings is also something all Australian travellers should insure against. Each year the department handles over 16,000 cases involving the welfare of Australians who have suffered illness, theft, robbery or assault.

In choosing a policy, we would note some insurance policies will not always cover claims made in those countries to which the Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade recommends against travel. For up-to-date travel advice, we recommend travellers consult and monitor this website.

Where Australians cannot obtain travel insurance to cover their personal medical circumstances, they should consider the potential financial risks very carefully before deciding whether to proceed with planned travel overseas.

For further information, the Insurance Council of Australia (PDF) and the Insurance Ombudsman Service (PDF) have issued guides on travel insurance for travellers. They cover the main issues to look for when selecting travel insurance to ensure you are appropriately and adequately covered.

Case Studies

Following are some examples of the kind of cases handled by the Department:

The reasons for Australians requiring hospitalisation vary. Cases handled by the department have included car and motorbike accidents, a simple misstep and fall at a temple, and side effects from prescribed drugs. The department advises 'if you can't afford travel insurance, you can't afford to travel'. In many of the cases it is the traveller's family who have had to foot the bill.

In Bangkok a man was hit by a car while riding a motorcycle. He sustained a badly fractured leg and was admitted to the nearest local hospital. His wife was with him. He did not have any travel insurance, and so had no choice as to hospital or treatment. The hospital did not have the expertise to do anything for him except clean the wound. After 3 weeks his wife asked the Embassy for assistance as parts of the shin bone had died and the fractured ends were not healing. The Embassy assisted in having the man medically evacuated to Australia for admission to hospital, at very considerable expense to his family.
In Bali, 5 Australians were injured in a mini-van accident. Consular assistance was limited to support and routine contact with next-of-kin (NOK), as all the Australians involved had travel insurance. The travel insurance company paid their hospital bills and arranged their medical evacuation to Australia.
A young man worked in a US ski resort for four months, then took time off to travel around the US. He permitted his 12-month travel insurance policy to expire just a few days before his departure for home. He was hit by a car while crossing a road and suffered serious head injuries. He was admitted unconscious to intensive care and required highly intensive sophisticated care until he was able to be flown back to Australia. He was still unconscious and returned on a stretcher. The cost to the family for the medical evacuation alone was $80,000. They have taken out a second mortgage on their house to raise the funds.
A young Australian surfer went to the United States for a surfing competition. Although an experienced surfer, he unfortunately chose the wrong wave during a practice session. The wave dumped him on a reef and he sustained serious injuries. He was flown to a local hospital and immediately underwent two major operations. The hospital bill was AUD290, 000. Fortunately the young man's parents had insisted he take out travel insurance before he left Australia. The insurance company covered the bill, and the young man and his family were able to focus on his recovery.

Travel advice explained

2008-01-16T05:46:00.000-08:00

Australians are keen travellers and each year make more than four million trips to international destinations. Many Australians also live abroad. Travelling or living overseas can be exciting and rewarding, but it also carries potential risks. Each year, approximately 20,000 Australians approach the Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade (DFAT) in Canberra and at our overseas missions for consular assistance.

To help Australians avoid difficulties overseas, the Department maintains travel advisories for more than 160 destinations. The Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade's travel advice provides accurate, up-to-date information about the risks Australians might face overseas, enabling you to make well-informed decisions about whether, when and where to travel. If you are living or travelling overseas we recommend that you subscribe to receive free automatic email notification each time the travel advice for your selected destination/s is updated. That way you can ensure that you have the latest information.

We have recently made a number of improvements to our travel advisories to make them simpler and easier for you to use. The following questions and answers have been prepared to explain our travel advisories, including the changes.

On this page:

What changes have been made to travel advice?

Over the course of 2005 we have worked with travellers and members of the travel industry to make the language and presentation of our travel advisories simpler and clearer. Following these consultations, we have made a number of improvements to our travel advisories, with all advisories now available in the new format. We have:

simplified the number of levels within travel advice to a more straightforward five-level system
introduced a graphic table, which we call a 'continuum' at the top of each travel advice to allow you to tell at a glance the relative level of risk
put the summary of our travel advisories in a dot point format, so the key information is easier to take in
introduced additional headings in the safety and security section including "Crime", "Money and Valuables" and "For Parents", so it is easier to find the information you're looking for
added a simple map to each travel advice, to help travellers understand advice about specific areas
used more direct and simpler language, so the risks at each destination are easier to understand.

It is important to understand that while the changes may make our travel advisories look different, the changes have not been adopted because we think the risk levels at different destinations has increased or decreased. The changes are simply intended to make travel advice easier to use.

Our aim is to provide Australian travellers with a realistic understanding of the risks overseas, so they can make their own informed travel decisions in light of the potential risks. The wording of these new levels proved in focus testing to describe most clearly to travellers the relative level of risk. While we have made changes to the levels so they more accurately convey the risk at the destination, ultimately decisions about whether, where and when to travel can only be made by travellers themselves.

How do you grade your advisories?

There are five different levels of advice. The level we give a country reflects our overall assessment of the security situation in the destination and is designed to help you assess the level of risk you would face in that country.

In determining the level of a destination we consider the security risks and compare these to the general security threats in a large Australian city. We also take into account the capacity of a foreign government to deal with the risks. We don't employ strict formulas. At times our advice may not fit exactly within one of the levels - in such cases we will use language that is best suited to a specific situation and provides the most practical advice.

The five levels are as follows:

Be alert to your own security
Exercise caution and monitor developments that might affect your safety
Exercise a high degree of caution
Reconsider your need to travel
Advised not to travel

There is a "graphic table" which we call a continuum at the top of each travel advice to help you quickly establish the relative level of each destination. In some advisories, there is more than one continuum because while the overall country is at a certain level, different regions within the country are assessed to be at higher or lower levels.

What does 'reconsider your need to travel' mean?

Where we advise you to "reconsider your need to travel", it will reflect the fact that we consider there is a high level of risk in the country, perhaps a very high threat of terrorist attack or a volatile and unpredictable security situation.

Whether to travel to a destination where we advise you to 'reconsider your need to travel' is a decision only you can make. In making this decision, you should ask yourself whether, given your own personal circumstances, you're comfortable travelling to that destination knowing that there is a high level of security risk. You should ask yourself whether you could defer your travel or choose an alternate destination. You may decide that the purpose of your travel could be accomplished in another way, for example through teleconferencing, or that you can go to another destination. If having considered these issues, you do decide to travel to that destination, we will advise you to exercise extreme caution.

What is the purpose of travel advice?

Our travel advisories are just that: advice. They are not warnings. In addition to information about security, they provide useful, practical tips on travelling such as health, visa and local laws information.

In issuing travel advice we do not 'single out' countries. Rather, we maintain a travel advice on most countries that are popular destinations for Australians in all regions of the world.

We do not and cannot make decisions for you about whether, when or where you should travel. Our travel advisories aim to help you make your own well-informed travel decisions. Our advice is not mandatory.

Travel advice, like on-line registration of your travel details and travel insurance, are tools to help you avoid difficulties while travelling. We recommend all Australians check the travel advice for their upcoming destinations, both before leaving Australia and while travelling. You can subscribe to the travel advice for any destination, at no charge, to receive email notification each time the travel advice is updated.

Who prepares travel advice?

At DFAT the preparation of travel advice is taken very seriously. We draw on a range of sources of information, including:

assessments from Australian missions overseas about the security conditions in which they operate
our experience of the common or recurring consular problems Australians are experiencing overseas
intelligence reports, and in particular ASIO threat assessments
the advisories prepared by our consular partners (US, UK, New Zealand and Canada) although we may reach different conclusions.

When necessary, we will also liaise with other Government departments and agencies to ensure that the information we provide is as useful as possible for Australian travellers.

How current is the information?

The information in our travel advice is as current as we can possibly make it. Travel advisories are kept under constant review but as a matter of course every travel advice is reissued and reassessed every quarter. If developments in a country require more regular updates we will respond through the travel advice.

The Department's Consular Emergency Centre, which operates 24 hours a day, seven days a week, 365 days a year, and our network of missions overseas, give as good a coverage of security and related developments around the world as we can provide. Travel advice is updated promptly in response to these developments, and that is why we encourage Australians not only to read travel advice before they leave, but also to monitor it carefully while they are travelling.

Travel advice is not however, updated simply to reflect the fact that a security incident overseas has occurred. We are not a news service that reports on all incidents. The travel advice may contain examples of security incidents from the recent past but these serve as an example of the sorts of threats mentioned in the advice. When security incidents occur overseas, we assess the risk to Australians travellers - if the level of risk has not changed, the travel advice will not be changed.

Can you provide any more information than is contained in the travel advice?

No. We produce only one form of advice, in the form of the travel advisories. An important principle behind our work is that the advice we provide to you is exactly the advice we provide to our own staff, to other government agencies or to the private sector.

We operate on a strict principle of no double standards: that is, our best advice is the advice that is made available to the general public in our travel advisories. We do not reserve privileged information for others - be they our own staff or for other government officials. You can be confident that the information and advice we provide reflects our best assessment of the safety and security issues they may face in a particular country.

As part of this commitment, if we withdraw staff from a post because of security concerns or take other measures to protect them, we will state this clearly in the travel advice so that the decisions we make about our own staff welfare are transparent to the wider community.

If you phone the Department, we will not be able to add to the advice that is published on the internet. That is our most up-to-date advice and we cannot, and should not, predict what will happen in the future.

Courtesy @ http://www.smartraveller.gov.au/advice_meaning.html

Travel Tips: Safe Basics

2008-01-16T05:31:00.000-08:00

It's always important to take care of your health, whether you're at home or on the road, but there are some additional concerns that are important to keep in mind when you're traveling.

Whether you're taking a trip with your family or plan to live abroad for several months for a study program, it's easier to get sick when you're in a new place because your body hasn't had a chance to adjust to the food, water, and air in a new environment. Traveling can bring you in contact with things that your body isn't used to. Continue reading for tips on keeping your travel experience as healthy as possible.

Don't Take a Vacation From Health

The stress and excitement of travel can make you more likely to get sick, but if you follow a few simple tips, you're more likely to stay healthy throughout your trip - and your trip will definitely be more enjoyable. The good news is that as a teen, your immune system is as strong as an adult's, but lack of sleep and a poor diet can make it easier for you to become sick.

The first thing you should do if you're heading overseas is to find out what kinds of vaccinations you'll need in advance because different countries have different requirements. In the United States, contact your doctor or the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for a list of necessary vaccinations. You'll want to allow plenty of time for this step in case you need to get vaccines that require more than one dose.

Common Travel Troubles

Three of the most common health problems that you may experience when traveling are jet lag, altitude sickness, and diarrhea. When you fly across time zones, the differing amounts of light can change your internal body clock, resulting in a condition known as jet lag. Jet lag may cause some symptoms that are bummers on a fun trip, including upset stomach, insomnia, and tiredness.

There are some things you can do to combat jet lag; for example, if you're traveling from west to east, you should stay out of the sun until the day after your arrival. If you're flying from east to west, go for a brisk walk as soon as possible after you arrive.

Altitude sickness is caused by dry air, a decrease in oxygen, and low barometric pressure when you travel to a higher altitude than you're used to. As a result, you may have problems, such as headaches, dehydration, and shortness of breath. Some people are affected at 5,000 feet (1,524 meters), but others aren't affected until they reach altitudes of 10,000 feet (3,048 meters) or more. Find out what altitude you're traveling to before you go to see if altitude sickness could be a problem.

The best prevention for altitude sickness is to gradually increase your altitude every day to get used to it. If that isn't possible, a drug known as acetazolamide can help relieve and even prevent symptoms of altitude sickness. If you think that you might get altitude sickness, talk with your doctor before you leave home.

The topic of diarrhea may seem gross, but it can be a serious problem. Traveler's diarrhea, known as turista, often occurs when a foreign type of bacteria enters your digestive tract, usually when you eat contaminated food or water. The best way to prevent turista is to be very careful of the food you eat and the water you drink on the road.

Safe Eats and Drinks

So what foods are safe to eat? Any foods that have been boiled are generally safe, as well as fruits and vegetables that have to be peeled before eating. Avoid eating uncooked or undercooked meat or meat that is not cooked just prior to serving.

Stay away from foods that require a lot of handling before serving. Here's an example: Nine friends ate at a restaurant when on a school trip overseas; eight had diarrhea the next day. The one who didn't get sick was the only one who had ordered a dish that didn't need to be touched by human hands right before serving.

One of your favorite foods at home is on the safe list on the road - pizza! Pizza dough, sauce, and cheese are foods that are less likely to spoil than others, and the high heat of a pizza oven tends to kill any harmful bacteria in the food.

You've probably heard that you shouldn't drink the water in some countries overseas, but did you know why? Water supplies in many developing countries are not treated in the same way as water supplies in developed countries; various bacteria, viruses, and parasites are commonly found in the water. Many experts suggest you drink only bottled water when traveling. If you need to use tap water, you should boil it first or purify it with an iodine tablet. Even if you're brushing your teeth, rinsing contact lenses, drinking a small glass of water to wash down pills, or adding ice to your drink, first take precautions to ensure the water is safe.

You Can Take It With You

When you're packing, you'll want to include any medications and other medical supplies you use on a daily basis because they may be hard to find in another country if you run out. Even if you can find them, there's a good chance the formulations will be stronger or weaker than the ones you're used to. These may include any prescriptions you already take, such as inhalers, allergy medication, and insulin, as well as contact lens cleaners and vitamins.

Packing an over-the-counter pain medication like acetaminophen and diarrhea medication is also a good idea. It's a good idea to pack some over-the-counter allergy medication even if you don't take it at home. People sometimes unexpectedly develop allergic reactions to the pollens and other allergens found in a new environment. Those with asthma or other allergies can unexpectedly react to these new substances.

Write It All Down

Even if you watch what you eat and drink and get enough rest while you're traveling, you may still get sick. The good news is that you'll probably be able to find competent medical care. The key is knowing where to go. Most travel guides suggest you go to a hospital where English is spoken or U.S.-trained doctors can be found. For this reason, it's a good idea to always carry a written copy of your medical history with you.

Having such important information available in one place can help health care workers make appropriate decisions, and you won't have to worry about forgetting important information at a time when you're likely to be upset and not thinking clearly.

Before you leave your home sweet home, create a medical history form that includes the following information:

your name, address, and home phone number as well as a parent's daytime phone number
your blood type
immunizations
your doctor's name, address, and office and emergency phone numbers
the name, address, and phone number of your health insurance carrier, including your policy number
a list of any ongoing health problems, such as heart disease, diabetes, or AIDS
a list of current medications you are taking and pharmacy name and phone number
a list of allergies to medications, food, insects, and animals
a prescription for glasses or contact lenses
the name, address, and phone number of a relative other than your parent

It also helps if you have some basic emergency medical knowledge, not only for yourself but for helping others you may be traveling with. A great way to prepare for your trip is to take a first-aid or basic life support course before you go; if you're traveling with a group, you should know where the first-aid kit is and what's in it.

Basic Safety

It's easy to let your guard down when you travel. After all, you're more relaxed and there are so many new sights to focus on. In addition to paying attention to your personal safety (avoiding secluded places and not walking alone after dark), you'll need to reset your thinking when it comes to traffic safety, too. The rules of the road aren't the same overseas as they are at home. In some countries, people drive on the opposite side of the road and you'll need to be aware of this before you cross the street - look in the opposite direction from the one you're used to. Pedestrians don't always have the right of way overseas, either. Be sure there are no cars coming when you step into the street: If there are, they may not stop for you!

If you practice these healthy hints you can focus on the scenery - not medical emergencies - and return home with nothing more troubling than some tacky souvenirs!

Courtesy @ http://www.kidshealth.org/teen/safety/safebasics/travel_tips.html

Travelling with Your Pets

2008-01-15T10:05:00.000-08:00

They’re furry, they’re friendly – they’re absolutely lovable. Family pets are often a big part of the family, and sometimes it’s hard to leave those adorable rascals behind when you leave town. With these simple tips, your pet won’t have to miss out on one fun moment of the family’s big vacation!

GET A CLEAN BILL OF HEALTH

	SEEING-EYE DOGS
	If you are a disabled person traveling with a seeing-eye dog, notify your destination hosts and airline ahead of time.

Before you take your beloved pet anywhere, take him to the vet for an overall checkup, and ask for the number of an associate in the area where you will be staying. A few weeks before you depart, get your pet a physical, complete with vaccinations necessary for the area to which you are traveling. A direct, uncrowded flight is best (an evening flight if the weather is warm), but the vet can also give you tranquilizers to calm your pet for the long journey. If you’re unsure whether your pet is up for the trip – ask. Although a cross-country flight may be no problem for you, a pet may suffer greatly while left in a hot baggage area. Don’t wait to find out that Fido couldn’t handle the hike up the mountain – or even the plane journey there.

Most airline and state officials mandate a clean bill of health in the form of a health certificate dated within 10 days prior to travel before your pet can fly with you. And even if he is in tip-top shape, traveling abroad sometimes assumes an automatic quarantine upon arrival for your pet whether or not there is an outbreak of a disease (Hawaii does, so contact your travel agent for assistance in this matter).

For U.S. territories and foreign countries, contact the appropriate embassy, governmental agency or consulate at least one month in advance before making arrangements for your pet. Moreover, some states require certain pets to have entry permits issued by the destination state's regulatory agency, and may request to view the interstate health certificate in advance of issuing the permit. Some even limit the time during which the entry permit is valid.

	PET FRIENDLY VACATION SPOTS
	1. Florida 2. California 3. France 4. Colorado 5. Disney World (tie) National Parks Source: ASTA-member travel agents survey

PAPERS FOR YOUR POOCH
Always keep an ID collar with your name and phone number on your pet, and always travel with favorite toys, proof of vaccination and proper licenses. Bring color photos of your pet, as well, in the unfortunate event he gets lost.

PETS ON PLANES
Because airlines limit the number of pets that can be on board at once, have your travel agent notify the airline of your pet when your reservation is made. Also ask for the allowable dimensions of your pet carrier. Regulations state that dogs and cats must be at least eight weeks old and fully-weaned before flying. If your pet is pregnant or in heat, do not subject it to air travel. Written instructions for food and water must accompany any shipped pet regardless of the amount of time they are scheduled to spend in transit. Unless your vet signs a certificate otherwise, your pet may not be exposed to temperatures less than 45 degrees.

If your pet is less than 15 pounds and you are on a domestic flight, you may be able to fit a small, airline-approved kennel (check with your travel agent) under the seat in front of you. Out of respect for the person sitting next to you, inform passengers that you’ve brought your pet along so they may switch seats with someone else if they suffer from pet allergies. Have paper towels and a scooper on hand for any inevitable accidents that may occur. On international flights, larger animals can be shipped (for a fee) in the forward cargo bins, which are climate-controlled. Contact your travel agent or the airline for specific information on fees and requirements.

TRAVELING 'KENNEL' CLASS
One thing you should not underestimate is the importance of a quality travel kennel, no matter if you’re traveling by bus, car, plane or train. Let your pet eat and sleep there before you leave, and throw an old sock – worn by you – in as well so he may accustom himself to the kennel in time for travel. Exercise, feed and give water to your pet before you leave, and place a dish for food and one for water inside the kennel. If you’re shipping your pet, write the words “LIVE ANIMAL” all over the crate with arrows pointing in the upright direction, and put your name, phone number and address on a well-fastened label. Secure but don’t lock the crate so airline personnel can access it if necessary. Make certain enough air is getting in. Check with your travel agent or call your airline and find out if there is an additional cost for your pet to travel with you.

ON THE ROAD WITH FIDO
Be careful if you’re driving to your destination. Countless pets die each year from heatstroke after being left alone in hot cars for even a few moments. As a general rule, if you leave your car, your pet should leave, as well. If you park, make sure it’s in a shaded area to keep the car cool. For safety’s sake, check that your car’s air conditioning is functioning before taking a long trip on a hot day. Never let your animal jump around or hang out the window – it’s dangerous for both you and him.

	A NOTE ABOUT BIRDS, REPTILES AND SMALL ANIMALS
	Travel is not recommended for smaller animals and birds because of the stress it causes them. Reptiles are especially discouraged because of their specialized requirements.

A strong, mesh crate (the bottom lined by towels) with plenty of food and water is advised, with enough room so your pet can stand, turn and lie down. But exercise is necessary – stop frequently at rest stops for water and exercise, keeping a leash on your pet at all times. If your pet is unaccustomed to car trips, increase his time in the car before you take him on vacation. One piece of sugar candy – not chocolate – before hitting the road may quell motion sickness. Although you do want to feed your pet at least four hours before air travel, leave a window of six hours before a car trip during which your pet is not eating. If he’s overly fussy, it may be best to rethink bringing him along.

YOUR PETS AND HOTELS
Ask you travel agent to call ahead to make sure your hotel or motel allows pets. Or, for a list of pet-friendly lodgings, call the Convention and Visitors Bureau at your destination. Once there, clean up after your pet – don’t abuse the privilege. Likewise, pack a supply of plastic bags to make this chore easier. Request a room at the end of the hall so other guests aren’t bothered by the possible noise.

So plan ahead, bring the right supplies and rely on these Tips on Traveling With Pets to ensure that you and your pet have a safe and enjoyable trip. With the helpful hints we have listed here, your pet can be the perfect addition to a perfect vacation.

For additional information, visit these Web sites:

Tips on traveling with and importing live animals (USDA)
Northwest Airlines' pet guidelines
Traveling with Pets (Univ. of Tennessee College of Veterinary Medicine)

Get The travel Tips from world4travel

2008-01-15T10:00:00.000-08:00

High Fliers

To beat jetlag, book an overnight flight or one that arrives in the evening when travelling east so you can either catch your sleep on the flight or as soon as you get in to your destination.

To prevent the swelling of feet as is wont to happen on long flights, walk in the aisle at intervals and try not to take off your shoes.

Refrain from OD-ing on the free booze when on a flight, as too much alcohol causes dehydration. Tank up instead on aqua-pura.

When making flight reservation, remember to request for special meals if you have any food restrictions.

After September 11, airlines follow very strict security procedures. So make sure you reach the airport for check in well before departure time. Its best to check with the airline regarding how much in advance you should be at the airport.

If your baggage does not arrive on the same flight as you, fill out a Property Irregularity Report (PIR), with a description of the baggage, a list of contents and address to which it should be forwarded. If your baggage does not arrive at all, place a claim with the airline within 21 days.

Overbooking is a fact of life in the airline industry. If you are not in a particular hurry to get to your destination then volunteer to give your seat up and take the next flight. The airline will provide you a hotel room and other frills, so you can end up having an extended vacation at the airlines expense!

Do not accept any package from a stranger.

For a smooth ride on a plane, choose the seats located near the wings as if the plane hits an air pocket, this is where you will get the least amount of bumps.

If you are planning to watch the in flight movie, choose the fourth or fifth row from the screen to avoid getting a neck cramp.

If you are prone to motion sickness, take an anti sickness pill before the flight. The pill won't help much, if you have it after you have started feeling sick!

Abide by the list of items prohibited on board and carry most items like skis/cues/walking canes/sticks/Swiss knives in checked in baggage - this smoothens the check-in process plus avoids the risk of confiscation and unnecessary delays.

Last and this is equally important - report any unattended items in the airport or aircraft to the nearest airport or airline personnel.

Weather Vane

Keep track of the weather at your destination and be prepared, especially if you are going to a hurricane prone area.

Heartbreak Hotel

Make your hotel reservations in advance, especially if you are visiting a place in peak season. You don’t want to be caught without a roof over your head!

Negotiating room tariffs over the phone? Call the hotel twice to confirm the rates. Note down the name of the person you have talked to and request a written/faxed confirmation. This way you can be sure that you will not be wrongly billed by the hotel.

Don't depend solely on the hotel's alarm service. Carry your own little alarm clock to catch an early morning flight or that pre-dawn sightseeing trip.

When you check into your hotel, ask the reception to give you a card with the hotel's name address and telephone number. This will come in handy if you get lost or forget the name of your hotel.

Check whether your hotel has a hair-dryer, iron, coffee percolator, etc, to avoid carrying these gadgets and also making it easy to skip the 110/220 conversion problem when travelling to foreign countries.

Most hotels frown on guests doing their own laundry in the bathrooms, but if you do need to wash some smalls, carry a length of nylon twine to improvise a clothesline.

15,000 free seats for Kuala Lumpur and Singapore route

2008-01-15T09:53:00.000-08:00

Low-fare airline Tiger Airways will offer 15,000 free seats, excluding taxes and fees, for its daily flights between Singapore and Kuala Lumpur from the day it starts operating the route on Feb 1 until Oct 25, 2008.

The airline yesterday announced the offer of the free seats in conjunction with the launch of sales for the new route. Tiger Airways promises to consistently deliver the low, low fares that our customers are used to.

With such affordable air fares, flights will be very popular and consumers will benefit greatly. Affordable and convenient travel between the two cities will lead to development of trade and tourism, which is an important stimulator of economic growth.

Tiger Airways will operate from the low-cost carrier terminal at the Kuala Lumpur International Airport, which is in line with Tiger Airways’ streamlined operations model that focuses on high efficiency to keep costs low.

If you need further information on this topic, please leave in the comment. I will revert back in the same comment column.

Dubai:Sleep with the fishes in 7-star digs

2008-01-14T19:21:00.000-08:00

For years, William Shatner has been telling us the travel service he shills for can get us 3-star hotel accommodations for 1-star prices, sometimes 4-star rooms for 2-star dollars.

I wonder how much he can knock off the price of the world's latest -- and perhaps first -- 7-star hotel?

It's the Hydropolis Dubai, being promoted as one of the world's most extravagant tourist attractions and scheduled to open later this month inthe Arab emirate.

The sprawling, almost surreal facility is an underwater luxury hotel in the middle of desert land. Getting there is half the fun, and amazement factor.

The facility is divided into three section:

• The land station: This large building has a rolling, wavy roof. Visitors enter it to head toward the tunnel.

• The tunnel: 1,700 feet long, it and carries a train beneath both land and sea to the hotel. it is shaped like a collection of bubbles and curves designed to provide maximum resistance against sea water pressure as well as the typhoons known to occasionally hit the region. It features area two observation domes which allow views of the water and marine creatures.

• The hotel: The facility looks like a circular atoll, wirh a low barrier between it and the water. The main structures are designed to mimick natural forms with curving shell-like surfaces mimicking natural forms.

Travel Europe - The Nice London Zoo

2008-01-14T19:19:00.000-08:00

Almost 95% of the people I know like to visit zoos, and the London Zoo is a very nice place. Like some people have said when visiting the London zoo, is that it is not in a pretty neighborhood, but overall inside the place is what matters and they liked it a lot. There are lots of animals in the London Zoo, and it's estimated that there are over 625 animals, so you won't get tried of watching the same animals again and again.

I really like seeing the gorillas because they are so big, but if you observe them they have lots of quality's from humans. There's always lots of people in the London Zoo, but it also depends in what season you go. In the zoo you can also find some weird bugs, which I don't like myself, but if you are interested you can always take a look. Overall the London Zoo is a nice and calm place you can visit when you have the time.

Travel Europe - European Vacation

2008-01-14T19:17:00.000-08:00

Well if you have decided that your going to Europe here are some handy tips to consider before going.

1) One very important tip is plan your trip months before so you could have everything you wanted like good airplane seats and trust me your going to want good one because the trip is long, also research different prices of tickets, hotels, cars, etc, so when the day comes everything can go has planed.

2)Get a good map so you won't get lost and can have a idea how is the place, also don't be shy when asking people there for directions because Europeans are very nice and helpful.

3)If you have medication bring them with you. And to make sure everything goes right bring medications that could last you longer then the time that you are going to stay in Europe just in case.

4)Bring every document necessary like license, passport, etc. Also always try to have a visa because you never know when you are not going to have money on you.

5) And the last tip and one of the most important is to have a great time and bring a digital camera with you.

Travel Europe - Pais..Most romantic place

2008-01-14T19:15:00.000-08:00

Paris truly is one of the most famous cities in the world, that millions of people around the country go visit. The city has many new buildings, but still most of the buildings that are there, are old tradition, making it a unic place. There are great restaurants, cafes, and more then 145 art galleries and museums. People will always find places to go because Paris is full of life.

The top 5 hotels in Paris are Hotel Chambiges Elysees, Ritz Paris, Best Western Left Bank Saint Germain , Best Western Manoir Saint Germain, and Westin Paris.In my opinion, and from what the people have said, the hotel Best Western Left Bank Saint Germain is a truly a amazing place, that have great service and it's affordable compared to others.

The top five restaurants are Mandala Ray, Alcazar, Laduree, Bermuda Onion, and Chez Paul. Many love Mandala Ray, people say it has great food, service, and it's a great experience overall.

When Paris hits night time there are so many places to go dance, great places to visit, theaters to see, beutiful historic places to visit, and much more. Going to Paris is a marvelous experience that you won't forget.

Travel Europe - Going To Barcelona

2008-01-14T19:09:00.000-08:00

Anybody who has been to Barcelona can say it's a beautiful place. You well see the great art galleries, theaters, museums, and amazing historic places. Almost everybody who goes and visit Barcelona, goes to a place called Las Ramblas, which is a street that has dozens of cafes, people singing, little different markets that sell anything from books, food, flowers, birds, and other things. Overall it's a great place to hang out and have a hgh great time.

If you are looking for decent restaurants you could go to the Barcelona waterfront section, which has lots of places you could go eat. They have very good food and it's close to the beach area. One thing you should have in mind is that Barcelona is a very pricey place, so somethings are expensive, but the food is not that much compared to other areas. Also when you go out at night in Barcelona there's a place called Zona Alta, where you can drink all types of bears, and go to clubs around that area.

Going for a tour to a new place?

2008-01-13T19:57:00.000-08:00

We all love travelling to a new place. Such place may be near or far from where we live and such trip may also be of short or long time period. For one who is busy all days with his/her work, this type of trip turns out very fruitful because this makes one fresh, healthy and helps to minimize tension, stress etc.

Here your preparation before trip, how do you handle everything during the trip, how do you behave with new people is much important than the trip itself and the place. So, in this post, I am telling things you should take care before and during the journey.

Let me tell you one important tips while choosing spot or place for trip: never plan a guilt trip. If you didn't enjoy your journey, then it will create more problems.

Know about the place you are going
It is not about knowing completely about the place and is not possible in practice as well. It is better to know some basics about the place in advance. Weather condition, culture, people there and if possible it will be better to learn the language that is spoken there. This is easy today because of the Internet. There is much information on the Internet almost of every place in the world. Besides, you can read books, magazines or contact local travel agent.

Show good behaviour
Your behaviour, way of dealing with new people etc. plays very important role in making your tour successful or not. I Myself have observed this here. Say Hi, Hello and talk with smiley face to people you are dealing with. Do not argue in small issues such as for $5 or $ 10. Yes, money is important for all of us. But, it is not sure what will happen when. You life is important than that small amount of money.

Take some basic things
It will be better to carry first aid box. So that condition will not become worse if any accident happened. Besides, you can carry extra light foods, clothes, map of the route or place etc.

Do not do alone
It is suggested not to do a tour to a new place alone if you are going for the first time. Ask your friend to accompany you or go with members of your family. If still you are alone, hire a guide or a porter of the place you are visiting who knows the things of the place. Keep good relation with the guide or the porter.

Money
Last but important thing is money. To check whether the money you have is enough or not for your journey, first make a rough estimate of money you have to pay for everything(major one first) on the way. Always take quiet much money than you just need in your estimation. If you've planned to pay $ 500 a for food, maintain this limit and do the same thing in every other things. Do not spend $ 5000 in a single day for food and return home from the middle of the journey. It will again be better not to carry money in cash. Electronic alternatives such as credit cards are much superior and safer than cash.

A Visitors Guide To Zurich Switzerland

2008-01-13T05:49:00.000-08:00

Zurich is the biggest city in Switzerland and one of the only destinations in the world that truly has something for everybody. Most of the city's residents can speak multiple languages, including Zurich Swiss travel German, English, French, and Italian. The city is well known for its banking district, luxury goods, and outstanding universities, but it also provides a vast array of athletic and cultural events. All of these elements add up to a great travel place to live, so it should travel come as no surprise that for five successive years, Zurich has been named the city with the highest quality of life in the world by consulting company William M. Mercer.

Zurich accommodates visitors of all backgrounds, regardless of their age, race, gender, sexuality, or social class. Children and their families have many options to choose from, including the outstanding Zurich Toy Museum (Fortunagasse 15, 8001 Zurich), which has free admission and features over 1000 antique toys from all over Europe. Zurich is also one of the world's most queer-friendly cities, with a substantial number of bars, clubs, and cultural events-such as the Pink Apple, a gay and lesbian film festival that takes place every May-that cater to homosexual travelers.

Switzerland's rather posh reputation may give budget-minded travelers pause, but the truth is that a trip to Zurich can be just as affordable as any other European destination. There are a number of stylish and moderately-priced lodging options available to travelers, such as the small and charming Hotel Seehof (11 Seehofstrasse, 8008 Zurich, http://www.hotelseehof.cf). Each of the hotel's 20 rooms (doubles from $215 per night) is simple and elegant, featuring sleek Swiss furniture and wireless internet access. The hotel also contains its own bar and Japanese food restaurant.

One easy way to explore what Zurich has to offer is by purchasing a Zurich Card. This one or three-day pass grants you admission to 40 museums, unlimited access to the city's excellent public transportation system, and special deals at many restaurants and shops. The Zurich Card can be purchased online by e-mailing the orders and information department at contact@zw.ch. A one-day pass costs approximately $12 for adults and $8 for children, while a three-day pass runs around $24 for adults and $16 for children.

The city is home to over 50 museums, which range in focus from art to technology. One of it's most unique is the Circus Museum (Fischmarktplatz 1, 8640 Rapperswil SG). Circus arts travel have a long, proud history in Switzerland, with Knie-the Swiss National Circus-setting up shop in 1919. Zurich also provides its visitors with a huge number of restaurants offering cuisine from virtually every country in the world, including Brazil, Korea, and Lebanon. For a taste of authentic Swiss travel food, head to Adler's Swiss Chuchi (Rosengasse 10, 8001 Zurich) for some of the city's best travel regional cuisine. And of course, no trip to Zurich would be complete without a pilgrimage to the city's most exclusive shopping district: Bahnhofstrasse (Bahnhofstrasse, 8001 Zurich).

You may publish this article on your website or ezine providing you travel leave the article "as is" and retain the resource box with live link back to the Search Switzerland Hotels website.

Belgium Travel- Know about Belgium

2008-01-13T05:48:00.000-08:00

Belgium is a country that is surrounded by France, Germany, the Netherlands, and Luxembourg. It has a compact size which makes it thperfect country to travel. The capital of Belgium is Brussels and is also known as the heart of the country.

Brussels, BelBelgium is a country that is surrounded by France, Germany, the Netherlands, and Luxembourg. It has a compact size which makes it thperfect country togium is also the headquarters for NATO. There are so many different cultural attractions for travels such as the Museum of Modern Art, the Museum of Ancient Art, the Comic Strip Museum, and one of the most popular, the Chocolate and Cocoa Museum. The Chocolate and Cocoa Museum features one of Belgium’s best known products.

The capital is not the only place to experience in Belgium. In fact there are many enchanting cities including Ghent, Liege, and Bruges which all have impressive architecture, top-rated cuisine, as well as the night life.

Bruges, Belgium has been known as the "Venice of the North" because it is one of Europe’s most magnificent and well-preserved medieval cities. One of the best parts about this amazing city is that getting to Bruges could not be any easier. You can get there by Eurostar, a ferry, or Eurotunnel, than take a drive to Bruges.

If you are into popular fashion and modern design then you will want to visit the newly reinvented Antwerp. This city in Belgium is known as being a new hotbed for fashion and design. Antwerp, Belgium has many other sights to offer visitors as well including the mountainous area of the Ardennes region all the way to the East. There are also gorgeous coastline resorts set on the Western seaboard.

Belgium is a country that is best known for its specialty products such as ubiquitous beers, delicious chocolates, beautiful lace, and of course Belgian waffles. If you visit Belgium you must stay at one of their comfortable and inviting bed and breakfasts that they are so well known for.

Hello From Victoria! Reaching The West Coast

2008-01-13T05:46:00.000-08:00

Jetlag is an amazing thing. It's barely after 5 am and I have already been reading for an hour an a half. So I figured I might as well use this bout of sleeplessness and record my first impressions of British Columbia.

My WestJet flight out of Toronto left a 7:15 am yesterday, so that meant I got up at 4:30 am, after 2.5 hours of sleep, to check all my luggage, eat a brief breakfast and get myself out to the airport. Sometimes a little travel savvy goes a long way, I had decided to use my Airmiles to go to BC and upon doing some research I found out that WestJet had a special on that only required me to use 1600 Airmiles instead of the regular 3900 Airmiles, so off I went and booked the trip, saving myself 60% of the Airmiles that I would have otherwise spent. When you travel frequently, you have to look at every available option of savings costs and my travel reward miles came through big for me.

I was able to book a flight from Toronto to Calgary and another from Calgary to Vancouver. WestJet is always an interesting experience because its flight attendants are known for cracking jokes over the PA system. The flight to Calgary was actually really bumpy and for about an hour we went through what felt like a dirt road in the sky full of potholes, hitting the occasional air pocket and dropping a few feet. But the WestJet crew brought us down safely and humorously, something I was very happy about.

In retrospect I actually felt pretty lucky, considering that the very night before my departure an Air France flight had crash-landed in Toronto. Fortunately, all 300+ passengers and crew survived and only 43 people ended up with light injuries, despite the fact that the plane went up in flames. Not surprisingly the newspapers referred to this incident as the Miracle Flight.

Well, my aerial transport went a lot smoother and after about 7 hours of flight and transfers our plane touched down in beautiful Vancouver. The natural setting of Vancouver is indeed impressive: it is set in the Coastal Mountain Range, surrounded by Vancouver Island and the Pacific Ocean. It certainly looked breath-taking from the air, but my exploration of this city had to wait since my first item of the agenda was to get myself to the City of Victoria, on Vancouver Island.

I located the Pacific Coachlines desk at the Vancouver airport and for just over C$70.00 I bought a return ticket for a coach and ferry ride across to Victoria, the capital of British Columbia. I only had about a half hour between my arrival at the airport until a comfortable air-conditioned bus whisked us to the Tsawassen Bay Ferry Terminal, following which the bus went onto the BC Ferries boat itself.

The ferry was a very large vessel with 3 different decks for cars, trucks and buses. There are 3 additional passenger decks including an open-air sitting area in the front of the ferry. We slowly started our crossing of the Straits of Georgia and I thoroughly enjoyed the panomara of mountains and water. Due to my lack of sleep my head got a little heavy and I fell asleep on the open-air deck. When I woke up we were just chugging through the narrows between Galiano Island and Mayne Island. The narrow channel is embedded in between these islands which are covered by coniferous forests. The entire approach to the Swartz Bay Ferry Terminal was one of the most scenic waterways I have ever seen.

Punctually at 2:25 pm people headed back down to the bus, at 2:35 the bridge was lowered onto the ferry and our bus was the first vehicle out of the boat. Another 45 minutes later and we arrived in downtown Victoria at the bus terminal, right next to the Fairmont Empress Hotel, one of Victoria's most famous landmarks. Designed as a chateau-style luxury hotel, it was built in 1908 for $1 million and was extensively restored in the late 1980s to the tune of $45 million. But more extensive exploration of this stunning building would have to wait, since a local friend was picking me up at the bus station.

My co-worker Clare, who works with me in my full-time business in new business development, relocated to Victoria with her husband Haishan in March of this year, and the two of them have been graciously accommodating me since my arrival yesterday. Both Clare and her husband are originally from mainland China and have been calling Canada their home for the last few years.

Haishan came to pick me up and after a beautiful drive through Victoria and some of its suburbs, I arrived at Clare and Haishan's beautiful house in a little hillside community outside Victoria. After a couple of hours of rest due to my utter exhaustion, I got up to a beautiful Chinese dinner complete with 3 different meat dishes and the most delicous chicken with chestnuts dish I had ever eaten.

While we were savouring this gourmet meal, a deer made its appearance in the backyard, and Clare had already informed me earlier that deers show up in the backyard on an almost daily basis and take care of all newly planted landscaping and flowers, much to the chagrin of the residents.

After this delicious dinner we went on a little drive in the neighbourhood and drove down to the lagoon from where we had a perfect lookout to the Olympic Mountain Range in Washington State, across the narrow strait from Vancouver Island. One of the mountains was snow-covered and this majestic mountain range combined with the waters of the Pacific creates one of the most stunning sceneries this lovely planet of ours has to offer. We had a view of a historic light house and the Esquimalt navy base and after a brief drive through the hilly coastal roads (and another close encounter with a deer) we drove back to Clare's beautiful house on the slopes.

After another hour or two of shop talk I was positively exhausted and dropped into bed like a sack of potatoes, only to wake up before 4 am, unable to sleep. Well, this early rise has given me a chance to record my first impressions, and I have avidly been reading my guidebook on Vancouver and Victoria, laying out a draft itinerary for today. The sun is coming up now so I've got another couple of hours of reading ahead of me in preparation of today's discovery.

Europe:A few of my favourite places.

2008-01-13T02:40:00.000-08:00

1. Lesvos. Truly a magical place to visit. The birdlife is incredible where east meets west bringing with it a few birds you would struggle to see in the usual European locations.

2. Coto Donana Parque national. A totally unspoilt area of a multitude of habitats that is located not too far from the Portugese Border and is situated more or less between Huelva and Seville. It is stuffed with birds. Star bird here is the Spanish Imperial Eagle.

3. The mountainous are around Ronda on the Costa del Sol. Stronghold of many birds of prey including Griffon Vulture, Short toed Eagle plus the odd Egyptian and Black Vulture, Booted and Bonellie's Eagle for good measure.

4. Portugal, the Algarve. Some excellent reserves along this long strip of land running along the southern area of Portugal from Spain to Cabo de sao Vicente. Also just over the Northern Algarve boundary you have the Castro Verde where Great and Little Bustards roam together with large numbers of Montague Harriers, the odd Roller plus many more birds.

5. The NW corner of the Greek Mainland, bordering Albania. You fly into Parga to get there. A hugely underwatched area of Greece with some amazing wetlands with anything from Flamingoes, White and Dalmation Pelicans, Slender billed Gulls and much much more.

6. Mallorca. A smashing birdwatching island with plenty of places to visit. Well worth going to the Albufeira Marshes & waterworks (Depudora), Boquer Valley, Cuber Reservoir, Selina de Levanti and many more.

7. Kefalonia. Not as good as Lesvos as it only has one wetland area but it is a stunning island with many mountains, valleys and plains. Some excellent birds here that can be quite easily found if you look hard enough.

8. Scilly Isles in Autumn. Awesome place to visit if it's rare birds you are after.

9. Norfolk / Suffolk. An anytime of the year area to visit with enough reserves and bird rich habitats to last you a lifetime.

10. Scotland. Based anywhere near Loch Garten (near Aviemore). Use it as a start point to visit the Cairngorms and surrounding area plus venturing throughout the whole of the North of Scotland, perhaps calling into the Isle of Skye as well. What can you see. Capercaillie, Ptarmigan, Golden Eagle, White-tailed Eagle, Black Grouse, Red Grouse, Crested Tit, Scottish Crossbill plus many more.

Romantic Place To Go

2008-01-13T02:28:00.000-08:00

When we think of romance, we conjure images of overwhelming imperial splendor, colorful Bavarian architecture, colossal castles and beaches, stylish dining, and great weather all the year round.

Given a choice, there are different romantic places to go in the world. In fact a romantic weekend is all about a bit of seclusion, great scenery and wonderful dinning. From wide Alps mountain range to exotic sea beaches of Hawaii you‘re flooded with innumerable choices. Whether it’s your wedding party celebrations or anniversary, we provide you with the best suitable romantic ideas on spending a romantic holiday with your sweetheart. So here’s a list of different romantic places to go as ---

1. One of the most romantic places to visit is the island of Capri in Italy offering you great sights of art, culture and luxurious accommodation facilities.

2. The Mosel Valley in Germany with its steep riverbanks, vine yards and charming little towns show casing the marvelous castles is considered the most romantic place of the world.

3. South West Wales, in U.K. a place which always bears testimony to many historic events from World War 1 to changing trends of the society, with its ancient art and edifice is truly reckoned to be one of the most romantic destination of the world.

4. If you re planning for honeymoon or a romantic getaway, then try out the beautiful and amazing island nation of Maldives nestled in midst of warm blue ocean and providing you the perfect romantic setting with thousand coral islands, shallow lagoons and great sporting adventure activities.

So, what are you waiting for, just pack your bags and a trip down to rejuvenate yourself in a romantic holiday destination.

Dgreetings.com offers you wide ranging details on varied romantic places to go.

Italy well worth the effort in 2008

2008-01-13T00:42:00.000-08:00

Italy is gung-ho for restricted traffic zones in its city centers. This is great for pedestrians, but not for drivers who are finding $100 fines in their mail when they arrive home.

If you drive in Rome, Florence, Milan, Lucca, Siena, San Gimignano, Orvieto or Verona -- in restricted areas marked by a Zona Traffico Limitato sign -- your car's license plate will be photographed and you can be fined without ever being stopped by a cop. Pay attention to signs, get parking advice from your hotelier, and park outside restricted areas.

Rome

With a revolution brewing among the throngs of tourists stung by the Vatican Museum's stingy hours, the museum has agreed to stay open longer in 2008: Monday through Saturday 8:30 a.m. to 6:00 p.m. (last ticket sold at 4:00 p.m.); as usual, it'll be closed on Sunday except for the last Sunday of the month, when it's free and open 8:30 a.m. to 2:00 p.m. (last ticket sold at 12:30 p.m.). While some Catholics would love a private audience with the pope, those passed away with John Paul II -- Pope Benedict XVI doesn't do them.

It's a good time to be a fan of ancient Rome. On Palatine Hill, the Augustus Rooms, four newly restored rooms in a house from the era of Emperor Augustus open in March 2008 (entry included in the Colosseum/Palatine Hill ticket). At Trajan's Forum, a new Museum of the Imperial Forum just opened, offering ancient artifacts and computers showing how the forum was built.

Nearby, a small part of Nero's Golden House has reopened, but it's in a sad state of ruin -- more historically significant than interesting. And travelers are rediscovering the Ara Pacis -- the first-century "Altar of Peace" built by Emperor Augustus to kick off the Pax Romana. It's wonderfully displayed in a state-of-the-art exhibit housed in a starkly modern building -- the first new construction in Rome's old center since 1938.

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Florence

If you're planning a visit to the Uffizi Gallery, the more-popular-than-ever showcase of Italian Renaissance paintings, reserve a ticket and entry time at least a month ahead (to avoid the two-hour-long ticket-buying line at the gallery). The simplest option is to ask your hotelier to make the reservation (most will do this for free or for a small fee). You can try to make the Uffizi reservation yourself by phone (from the United States, dial 011-39-055-294-883), but the line is often busy, and once you get through, it seems that they almost enjoy keeping you on hold and then disconnecting you.

Venice

The Clock Tower on St. Mark's Square has finally opened, giving visitors a close-up look at the clock innards, as well as expansive views of the square and beyond from the terrace. Unfortunately, you can only see it with a reservation-only guided tour (12 euros, includes Correr Museum). You can make the reservation in person at the Correr Museum, from the States by dialing 011-39-041-520-9070, or online at www.museiciviciveneziani.it.

The glorious dome of Venice's La Salute Church will likely be covered in scaffolding in 2008. The proposed 10-year, multi-billion-dollar Moses Project, designed to protect Venice from flooding through the use of underwater barriers, was funded several years ago ... but construction has yet to begin. Meanwhile construction is under way on the Grand Canal's new, ultra-modern fourth bridge, made of glass, steel and stone. The Calatrava Bridge will connect the Santa Lucia train station with Piazzale Roma as early as this summer, if it's finished on time.

In nearby Vicenza, 2008 promises to be a great year as the town celebrates the 500th birthday of Palladio, the homegrown architectural genius (www.andreapalladio500.it).

Milan

Reservations to see Leonardo da Vinci's Last Supper still book up long in advance. It's better to book by phone than online. If you call, you'll have a greater selection of days and time slots to choose from, since their user-unfriendly Website doesn't reflect cancellations (from the United States, dial 011-39-02-8942-1146, www.cenacolovinciano.org).

Milan's new Museum of Art and Science offers a hands-on look at Leonardo's work -- sketches, paintings, and models of inventions -- during the 20 years he spent in Milan. The cathedral's Duomo Museum is still under renovation and may be closed for the first part of 2008, as is the train station (expect chaos until the dust settles, and even after that).

From Milan to Rome, Italy is working hard to spiff up its sights, draw more tourists, and keep the gelato-slurping masses moving as smoothly as possible. It's hot, crowded, expensive ... and well worth the effort.

World Travel Top 10 romantic retreats

2008-01-13T00:39:00.000-08:00

Bermuda

Bermuda has long been a choice vacation spot for lovers. Topping their list: Elbow Beach on the south shore, which was named "Best Place for Falling in Love" by The Bermudian magazine. For a secluded retreat, visit Astwood Cove in Warwick Parish or Somerset Long Bay in Sandys Parish; 800/237-6832 or bermudatourism.com.

Manhattan, New York

Hopeless romantics will always find inspiration in the Big Apple. Restaurants are everywhere, but couples flock to the West Village's One if by Land, Two if by Sea (considered one of the best places in the city to pop the question). For skyline views, head to Top of the Rock, the observation deck crowning the GE Building at Rockefeller Center. On Valentine's Day, adults visiting between 9 p.m. and midnight receive a free glass of champagne; rockefellercenter.com. For a different view of the island, try a Manhattan Harbor Brunch Cruise for two aboard a 1920s-style yacht; 866/973-7436, xperiencedays.com, or iloveny.com.

Big Island, Hawaii

The Mauna Lani Resort, on the Big Island's Kohala coast, indulges romantic guests with its Lava Love getaway package. For at least three nights, health-conscious couples may stay in a deluxe oceanfront suite and enjoy sunrise workouts on the beach; a private, lava-rock sauna; spa treatments; and even a hula lesson; 800/367-2323 or maunalani.com.

Whidbey Island, Washington

Stress starts to melt away as you step off the ferry onto this Washington island, just one hour north of Seattle. Rich in natural beauty, Whidbey Island is also home to picturesque towns and romantic B&Bs. Spend the day in Langley (for a special treat, pick up a picnic for two from the Chef's Pantry). Journeying north, drop by Greenbank Farms for wine and cheese before climbing the Admiralty Head Lighthouse for a gorgeous view of the Strait of Juan de Fuca. Toast to your travels at the new Frasers Gourmet Hideaway in Oak Harbor; whidbeycamanoislands.com.

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Lovers Key, Florida

This Gulf Coast island is popular, but it still offers secluded nooks and stretches of beach where Valentines can get away from it all. Rent a canoe or tandem kayak at Lovers Key State Park, and paddle the canals among manatees and other wildlife. Later, snuggle at sunset on a beach that, at least for the evening, is yours alone; floridastateparks.org/loverskey or fortmyerssanibel.com.

Cumberland Island, Georgia

This hidden gem gained national attention in 1996 when John F. Kennedy Jr. married Carolyn Bessette inside the island's First African Baptist Church. Renowned for its privacy and serene beauty, Cumberland has more than 17 miles of white-sand beaches to explore and numerous wild horses to admire. We recommend an overnight stay at the Greyfield Inn, a 1900-era mansion on more than 200 acres of protected shore; greyfieldinn.com or cumberlandisland.org.

Princess Royal Island, British Columbia

Journey off British Columbia's north coast to find wild and beautiful Princess Royal Island. The two of you can get a taste of this remote island when the King Pacific Lodge docks (yes, docks!) at its shores each year. Combining the best of wilderness and luxury, the floating lodge offers couples fly-fishing and kayaking adventures, combined with spa treatments and ocean-view or wilderness-view suites (the Romance and Waterfall suites are top-notch); 888/592-5464 or kingpacificlodge.com.

The Grove Isle Hotel & Spa, Miami, Florida

Secluded on a 20-acre island in Biscayne Bay, The Grove Isle Hotel & Spa provides a relaxing escape from the big city nearby. A pool and jogging path overlook the bay, as do 49 bayview rooms. Dine at the acclaimed oceanfront Baleen restaurant, and spice things up with the Tantra Lovers Island Escape package; 800/884-7683 or groveisle.com.

Naples, Long Beach, California

Naples, near Belmont Shores in Alamitos Bay, is actually a series of islands divided by waterways. In classic Italian style, gondoliers take lovebirds on a tour of the canals -- no doubt, the best way to explore this watery village. Surprise your sweetheart with a bottle of vino, then take a Venetian-style moonlit ride. (Don't forget to smooch under every bridge for good luck!) For more information, call The Gondola Getaway, 562/433-9595 or gondolagetawayinc.com; or visit beachcalifornia.com/naples2.html.

Anguilla, Caribbean

With 33 white-sand beaches, this small island is a picture-perfect hideaway. Escape for the afternoon to Long Pond Bay or Katouche Bay (if you're lucky, you'll have the beach to yourself). Couples on the go will love the CuisinArt Resort & Spa (800/943-3210 or cuisinartresort.com), on popular Rendevous Bay (Anguilla's longest beach). The resort offers activities everyone can enjoy, including catamaran cruises and hands-on cooking classes; anguilla-vacation.com

Taj Mahal- Wonder of the world

2008-01-12T05:35:00.001-08:00

About Taj Mahal in India

Lovers die, but love shall not and death shall have no dominion...

In the year 1607 when a prince of the royal Mughal household strolled down the Meena Bazaar, accompanied by a string of fawning courtiers, he caught a glimpse of a girl hawking silk and glass beads. Five years and a wife later (in those days princes did not marry for love alone) the regal 20-yr-old went to wed his 19-yr-old bride. It was a fairytale union from the start, one that withstood court intrigues, battles for succession and finally, the grand coronation. And when she died on the 19th year of their marriage, he etched her story in stone. The Taj Mahal is the living symbol of the monumental passion of Shah Jahan and Arjumand Banu. Which other love story has so grand a memorial?

Agra, The Chosen City for Taj Mahal
Agra was the chosen city of the Mughal emperors during the early years. It was here that the founder of the dynasty, Babur, laid out the first formal Persian garden on the banks of the River Yamuna. Here, Akbar, his grandson, raised the towering ramparts of the great Red Fort. Within its walls, Jehangir built rose-red palaces, courts and gardens. Shahjahan embellished it with marbled mosques, palaces and pavillions of gem-inlaid white marble. Agra is globally renown as the city of the Taj Mahal, a monument of love and imagination, that represents India to the world.

History of Taj Mahal India
The origin of the name the "Taj Mahal" is not clear. Court histories from Shah Jehan's reign only call it the rauza (tomb) of Mumtaz Mahal. It is generally believed that "Taj Mahal" (usually translated as either "Crown Palace" or "Crown of the Palace") is an abbreviated version of her name, Mumtaz Mahal (Exalted One of the Palace).

The Taj Mahal is a deserving resting palace for an Emperor's Empress. It stands on the banks of the river Yamuna, which otherwise serves as a wide moat defending the Great Red Fort of Agra, the center of the Mughal emperors until they moved their capital to Delhi in 1637. It was built by the fifth Mughal emperor, Shah Jahan in 1631 in memory of his second wife, Mumtaz Mahal, a Muslim Persian princess. She died while accompanying her husband in Burhanpur in a campaign to crush a rebellion after giving birth to their 14th child.

MUMTAZ MAHAL - "Build me a Taj"
As Mumtaz Mahal lay dying, she asked four promises from the emperor: first, that he build the Taj; second, that he should marry again; third, that he be kind to their children; and fourth, that he visit the tomb on her death anniversary. He kept the first and second promises. Construction began in 1631 and was completed in 22 years. Twenty thousand people were deployed to work on it. The principal architect was the Iranian architect Istad Usa; it is possible that the pietra dura work was coordinated by an Italian artist.

TAJ MAHAL - Wonder of the World
To people the world over, the Taj Mahal, mausoleum of Mughal Emperor shah Jana's chief wife, Mumtaz Mahal, is synonymous with India. Its curving, gently swelling dome and the square base upon which its rests so lightly is a familiar image from hundreds of brochures and travel books. The Taj is undoubtedly one of the most spectacular buildings of the world. Renowned for its architectural magnificence and aesthetic beauty, it counts among man's proudest creations and is invariably included in the list of the world's foremost wonders. As a tomb, it has no match upon earth, for mortal remains have never been housed in greater grandeur.

wonders of the world Taj Mahal- India

2008-01-12T05:30:00.000-08:00

Taj Mahal is regarded as one of the eight wonders of the world, and some Western historians have noted that its architectural beauty has never been surpassed. The Taj is the most beautiful monument built by the Mughals, the Muslim rulers of India. Taj Mahal is built entirely of white marble. Its stunning architectural beauty is beyond adequate description, particularly at dawn and sunset. The Taj seems to glow in the light of the full moon. On a foggy morning, the visitors experience the Taj as if suspended when viewed from across the Jamuna river.

Taj Mahal was built by a Muslim, Emperor Shah Jahan (died 1666 C.E.) in the memory of his dear wife and queen Mumtaz Mahal at Agra, India. It is an "elegy in marble" or some say an expression of a "dream." Taj Mahal (meaning Crown Palace) is a Mausoleum that houses the grave of queen Mumtaz Mahal at the lower chamber. The grave of Shah Jahan was added to it later. The queen’s real name was Arjumand Banu. In the tradition of the Mughals, important ladies of the royal family were given another name at their marriage or at some other significant event in their lives, and that new name was commonly used by the public. Shah Jahan's real name was Shahab-ud-din, and he was known as Prince Khurram before ascending to the throne in 1628.

Taj Mahal was constructed over a period of twenty-two years, employing twenty thousand workers. It was completed in 1648 C.E. at a cost of 32 Million Rupees. The construction documents show that its master architect was Ustad ‘Isa, the renowned Islamic architect of his time. The documents contain names of those employed and the inventory of construction materials and their origin. Expert craftsmen from Delhi, Qannauj, Lahore, and Multan were employed. In addition, many renowned Muslim craftsmen from Baghdad, Shiraz and Bukhara worked on many specialized tasks.

The Taj stands on a raised, square platform (186 x 186 feet) with its four corners truncated, forming an unequal octagon. The architectural design uses the interlocking arabesque concept, in which each element stands on its own and perfectly integrates with the main structure. It uses the principles of self-replicating geometry and a symmetry of architectural elements.

Its central dome is fifty-eight feet in diameter and rises to a height of 213 feet. It is flanked by four subsidiary domed chambers. The four graceful, slender minarets are 162.5 feet each. The entire mausoleum (inside as well as outside) is decorated with inlaid design of flowers and calligraphy using precious gems such as agate and jasper. The main archways, chiseled with passages from the Holy Qur’an and the bold scroll work of flowery pattern, give a captivating charm to its beauty. The central domed chamber and four adjoining chambers include many walls and panels of Islamic decoration.

The mausoleum is a part of a vast complex comprising of a main gateway, an elaborate garden, a mosque (to the left), a guest house (to the right), and several other palatial buildings. The Taj is at the farthest end of this complex, with the river Jamuna behind it. The large garden contains four reflecting pools dividing it at the center. Each of these four sections is further subdivided into four sections and then each into yet another four sections. Like the Taj, the garden elements serve like Arabesque, standing on their own and also constituting the whole.